Initially maintaining peace, Shivaji Maharaj offered help to Mughal prince Aurangzeb to conquer Bijapur in 1657, but dissatisfaction with the Mughal response ignited a fierce conflict.
Rising Tensions
Rising Tensions
The conflict escalated in March 1657, as Shivaji's forces raided Mughal territories, capturing resources and sparking Mughal retaliation under Nasiri Khan at Ahmednagar.
Mughal Countermeasures
Mughal Countermeasures
In 1660, Aurangzeb, now emperor, sent Shaista Khan with a massive army to suppress Shivaji, seizing Pune and threatening Maratha domains.
Night Raid and Victory
Night Raid and Victory
Underestimating Shivaji’s audacity, Khan faced a severe blow when Shivaji, with just 400 men, recaptured the fort on April 5, 1663, in a surprise night raid.
Treaty of Purandar
Treaty of Purandar
Facing a huge Mughal force under Jai Singh I in 1665, Shivaji was compelled to sign the Treaty of Purandar, becoming a vassal to the Mughal empire temporarily.
Escape from Agra
Escape from Agra
In a dramatic turn in 1666, Shivaji outwitted Aurangzeb, escaping house arrest in Agra using baskets meant for distributing sweets, alongside his son Sambhaji.
Renewed Conflict
Renewed Conflict
The peace was short-lived; by 1670, Shivaji renewed hostilities, recapturing territories and setting the stage for ongoing conflict with the Mughals post his death in 1680.