Hampi, known as Pampakshetra in early medieval times, is named after Pampa, another name for Goddess Parvati, and has been a significant pilgrimage site.
Located in Karnataka’s Ballari district, Hampi was once one of the most prosperous capitals in the Indian subcontinent and the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.
The area is referenced in major Indian epics like the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, and in the Puranas, highlighting its long-standing historical importance.
According to the Ramayana, in the Kishkindha chapters, it is the site where Lord Ram and his brother Lakshmana met Lord Hanuman, Sugriva, and the monkey army.
Inscriptions and rock edicts from various empires like the Mauryan Empire and the Badami Chalukyas mention Hampi, indicating its significance through various historical periods.
Under the Kalyana Chalukyas and later the Hoysala Empire, Hampi thrived as a center of education and religious activity, with significant developments around the Virupaksha Temple.
After the decline of the Hoysala Empire due to Delhi Sultanate invasions, the Vijayanagara Empire rose in 1336 CE, choosing Hampi as its capital.
During its peak, Hampi was fortified and immensely wealthy, renowned for its temples, farms, and trading markets, and was the second largest city in the world by 1500 CE.
In 1565, the Deccan Sultanates defeated the Vijayanagara Empire, leading to the abandonment and ruin of Hampi.
Due to its rich history and immense archaeological value, Hampi has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.