The Central Government has amended the area limits under the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act (MMDRA), 1957 to enhance the mining of critical minerals.
- Prospecting Licenses area limit increased from 25 sq.km to 100 sq.km for exploring mineral deposits.
- Mining Leases area expanded from 10 sq.km to 50 sq.km for mineral extraction.
About Critical Minerals:
- Critical minerals are vital for contemporary technologies, and their limited availability or geographic concentration introduces significant supply chain risks.
- Strategic minerals are crucial for a nation’s socio-economic advancement and bolster its defence capabilities.
- While these mineralssupport the broad operational needs of a state, strategic minerals are pivotal specifically for defence and strategic objectives.
- Various nations classify them according to distinct criteria. Notably, the US, Japan, the EU, the UK, and Canada maintain unique lists reflecting their national priorities.
- India recognizes 30 critical minerals as essential across multiple sectors including technology, defence, and renewable energy.
- Examples include Bauxite, Boron, Cobalt, Copper, Graphite, Potash, Silver, Tungsten, Vanadium, and Zinc.
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What are critical minerals?
Critical minerals are essential elements used in various industries, including technology and renewable energy. Their availability is often limited, posing supply chain risks.
Can the supply of critical minerals affect international relations?
Yes, the limited availability and geographic concentration of these minerals can influence international trade policies and relations.
Examples of critical minerals and their uses?
Examples include Cobalt and Lithium, used in battery technology, and Tungsten, used for its high-temperature resistance in various applications.