Shallow fakes

This year, combating misinformation during elections will be particularly challenging due to the proliferation of deepfakes and generative artificial intelligence.

• However, shallow fakes, or cheap fakes, pose an even greater concern than deepfakes, as they are easier to create and spread.

What are Shallow fakes?

• Shallow fakes or cheap fakes are pictures, videos and voice clips created without the help of AI technology but by either editing or by using other simple software tools like Photoshop.
• Shallow fake videos are manually altered or selectively edited.
• They can be created easily, in some cases it can be just a clipped video being shared without any context.
• The term ‘shallow’ implies the quality of such fakes which are lower in quality compared to deepfakes.

What is the difference between deepfakes and shallow fakes?

• Deepfakes describe photorealistic and audio-realistic images, video and audio created or manipulated with artificial intelligence to deceive.
• Shallow fakes, are created using existing technologies, such as conventional photo editing or altering the speed of a video to change speech patterns.
  • They often involve mis-captioning or mis-contextualizing existing images or videos, falsely claiming they are from a different time or place.

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